Question

A nurse is caring for a preterm neonate with physiological jaundice who requires phototherapy. What is the action of this therapy?

A. Stimulates the liver to dispose of the bilirubin
B. Breaks down the bilirubin into a conjugated form
C. Facilitates the excretion of bilirubin by activating vitamin K
D. Dissolves the bilirubin, allowing it to be excreted by the skin

Answer 1

Phototherapy breaks down bilirubin into a conjugated form, making it more water-soluble and allowing for easier excretion, which treats jaundice in preterm neonates.

Step-by-step explanation:

The action of phototherapy for a preterm neonate with physiological jaundice primarily involves breaking down the bilirubin into a more water-soluble form that can be excreted by the body. Bilirubin, a product of erythrocyte breakdown, is typically processed by the liver and excreted in the bile, eventually leaving the body in the stool. When hyperbilirubinemia occurs, the blood contains high levels of bilirubin, leading to jaundice. Phototherapy utilizes light to convert the bilirubin into isomers that are more water-soluble, which makes it easier for the baby's body to eliminate them.

The correct answer to the question is: B. Breaks down the bilirubin into a conjugated form, meaning phototherapy helps to change the structure of bilirubin, allowing it to be excreted from the infant's body more easily.