Final answer:
The factor V Leiden mutation is associated with reduced cleavage of factor V by protein C, not with factor V deficiency or hemophilia, which are characterized by insufficient clotting factors leading to an increased bleeding risk.
Step-by-step explanation:
The factor V Leiden mutation is associated with reduced cleavage of factor V by protein C, which leads to an increased risk of thrombosis. This genetic variation affects the body's ability to regulate blood clotting properly. Factor V Leiden is not associated with factor V deficiency, decreased clotting, resolution of phenotype during puberty, or delayed presentation caused by fetal hemoglobin expression.
Hemophilia is a different genetic disorder characterized by inadequate synthesis of clotting factors, leading to bleeding risks. However, the factor V Leiden mutation involves a specific change in the factor V gene that makes it resistant to inactivation by protein C, hence predisposing individuals to form clots more easily.