Final answer:
Alcohol disrupts the body's water balance by inhibiting the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to increased urine output and potential dehydration, a factor contributing to hangovers. The correct option is C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hangover as a result of drinking alcohol is closely related to water balance in the body. Alcohol consumption leads to a decrease in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production. ADH is critical for water retention, helping the kidneys reabsorb water and regulate urine output.
When alcohol inhibits ADH, the kidneys fail to reabsorb as much water, resulting in increased urine production. This diuretic effect can lead to dehydration, which is a significant contributor to hangover symptoms. To maintain electrolyte balance and water homeostasis, it is essential to stay hydrated, particularly if consuming alcohol.