Final answer:
Measles is an infectious disease caused by the Measles virus, characterized by a rash and respiratory symptoms. It's highly contagious, but largely preventable through vaccination. Sporadic outbreaks occur, particularly in areas with low vaccination rates or due to international travel.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between "Measles" and the term "Disease" is that measles is a specific infectious disease caused by the Measles virus (MeV). Measles, also known as rubeola, is highly contagious and was a major cause of childhood mortality worldwide before widespread vaccination reduced its incidence. The disease is characterized by symptoms such as fever, runny nose, sore throat, and a rash that covers the body. Measles spreads through direct contact with infectious secretions or by inhaling airborne droplets from an infected person's breathing, coughing, or sneezing. Although the United States declared measles eliminated in 2000, low vaccination rates and international travel can lead to outbreaks, such as the one at a theme park in California in 2014. Serious complications from measles can include pneumonia, encephalitis, and for some, the disease can be life-threatening. Vaccination is the primary measure for preventing measles and its spread.