Final answer:
Extreme Programming involves writing tests before code, a process known as Test-Driven Development, and it aims to create a well-tested and flexible codebase through iterated prototyping, testing, and refinement.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, Extreme Programming (XP) does require that you write tests first, then write code to pass those tests. This methodology is indeed known as Test-Driven Development (TDD). This approach emphasizes the creation of unit tests before writing the actual code, ensuring that each piece of code is tested as soon as it's written. In practice, TDD can lead to more modularized, flexible, and understandable code.
During software development, the team might go through multiple iterations of prototyping, testing, and refinement, as each test can reveal new insights into the design and functionality requirements. With TDD, developers create automated tests that define the desired behavior of the code, and then write code to pass those tests. This iterative process helps ensure that the code meets the specified requirements and reduces the likelihood of introducing bugs.