Final answer:
Impulse is the only vector quantity from the list provided, as it includes both magnitude and direction. The other quantities like pressure, temperature, and time, are scalar quantities, which are described by only a magnitude and no direction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vector and Scalar Quantities
In physics, quantities are classified as either vector or scalar based on whether they have both magnitude and direction (vector) or solely magnitude (scalar). When identifying vector quantities from a list that includes pressure, temperature, energy, time, gravitational potential, power, total path length, charge, coefficient of friction, and impulse, we must discern which of these have both magnitude and direction.
- Impulse is a vector quantity because it accounts for the change in momentum over time and has both magnitude and direction.
- Most of the others listed, such as pressure, temperature, energy, time, gravitational potential, power, total path length, charge, and coefficient of friction, are scalar quantities as these are described fully by a magnitude without a direction.
It is important to understand these concepts to apply the principles of kinematics and dynamics when solving problems involving motion and forces. Scalars such as temperature or time are only complete with a magnitude (-5°C or 2 hours), while vectors require both magnitude and direction (5N to the north). Understanding the distinction between vectors and scalars is crucial for accurately representing and solving physical problems.