Final answer:
Wyatt must file a California income tax return for 2022 as his gross income exceeds the threshold for unearned income set at $1,150.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dependent who must file a 2022 California income tax return is Wyatt. Under California tax law, a dependent child must file a tax return if their earned income is more than $12,950 for the year 2022 or if their unearned income, such as interest and dividends, exceeds $1,150.
In the scenarios provided, Jackson, Levi, and Theo's gross income levels do not exceed these thresholds. However, Wyatt's California gross income and adjusted gross income (AGI) are both $3,500, which is above the $1,150 unearned income level. His gross income is made up of wages and ordinary dividends, which require him to file a return.
Understanding the basic concepts of taxation, taxable income is calculated by subtracting deductions and exemptions from adjusted gross income. Different tax rates apply to different income levels and the standard deduction and exemption reduces taxable income, especially for individuals with simple financial situations.