Final answer:
Gender expression is the external manifestation of one's gender identity, not a form of gender self-identification. Gender identity is an internal sense of being a specific gender and can differ from the sex assigned at birth. The binary model does not encompass the full range of human gender experiences. The statement is false (b).
Step-by-step explanation:
Gender expression and gender self-identification are related concepts but are not the same. Gender expression is the external manifestation of one's gender identity, through clothing, hairstyle, body language, and other forms of presentation. To answer the question, false, gender expression is not a form of gender self-identification; instead, it is how an individual expresses their internal gender identity externally.
Gender identity is a personal, internal experience of gender and may not necessarily match the sex assigned at birth. People whose gender identity differs from their sex at birth are often referred to as transgender. This identity is a deeply held sense of being male, female, a blend of both, neither, or another gender entirely.
Furthermore, it is important to distinguish gender from sexual orientation, as they are independent dimensions of who we are. Social gender roles are the roles and behaviors that society typically associates with males or females, often influenced by societal norms and expectations. However, U.S. society does allow for some flexibility regarding these roles without necessarily affecting one's gender identity.
Regarding the continuum of gender identities, some individuals may experience gender dysphoria, which is discomfort or distress due to a mismatch between their gender identity and the sex assigned at birth. Society and individuals must understand that everyone's experience with gender is unique, and the binary model of “male” and “female” does not encompass the full spectrum of human gender experiences.