Question

Read the case study and answer the questions that follow:

SENTRA LIMITED: PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE

Sentra Limited is a public company whose headquarters is in Johannesburg, South Africa. It is a manufacturer of automotive products, with a promise to its customers of high quality at affordable prices. It commenced operations on 02 January 2022 with authorised share capital of 600 000 ordinary shares of which 400 000 have been issued at R10 per share. At the end of 2022 the fixed assets (at carrying value) totalled R2 000 000, inventories amounted to R1 280 000, R2 000 000 was owed by trade debtors, cash in the bank amounted to R320 000, the accumulated undistributed profits amounted to R400 000 and R1 200 000 was owed to the trade creditors. The sales of Sentra Limited for 2022 amounted to R8 000 000. The following projections and proposals were made for 2023: The sales revenue is expected to increase to R10 000 000. The after-tax return on sales is estimated at 20%. The directors are expected to propose dividends of 200 cents per share at the end of the year (payable during 2024). A vehicle with a cost price of R300 000, which was damaged in an accident during December 2022 and subsequently repaired, is expected to be traded in at a loss of R20 000 during the last quarter of 2023 for a new vehicle with a cost price of R350 000. The accumulated depreciation of the previously damaged vehicle on the date of the trade-in is expected to be R80 000. Depreciation for the year is estimated at R300 000. 50 000 ordinary shares are expected to be issued during March 2023 at R15 per share. Inventories, accounts receivable and accounts payable are to be calculated using the percentage-of-sales method. The amount of cash and cash equivalents must be determined (balancing figure). Sentra Limited has identified a new machine that it is considering for purchase during 2024. The machine would cost R1 000 000, excluding installation costs of R200 000. The machine is expected to have a useful life of five years and depreciation per year is estimated at R220 000. It is expected that the new machine would generate cash receipts of R540 000 per year and its annual cash outflows would total R220 000. At the end of year 3, the machine would require a major overhaul costing R200 000 cash (not included in the figures above). A scrap value of R100 000 (not included in the figures above) is anticipated. The cost of capital is 15%.

Prepare the Pro Forma Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2023. (Ignore the investment opportunity.)

Answer 1

The Pro Forma Statement of Financial Position for Sentra Limited includes adjustments to equity for new shares and dividends, depreciations, and asset changes, and calculates current assets and liabilities using the percentage-of-sales method with 'cash and cash equivalents' as the balancing figure.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Pro Forma Statement of Financial Position for Sentra Limited as at 31 December 2023 can be prepared by adjusting the figures for projected changes in 2023. We calculate equity by adding the new share capital from the issuance of the new shares with the initial issued share capital and undistributed profits while reducing it by the proposed dividends. Fixed assets are adjusted for depreciation and changes in the vehicle's value. To complete the statement, we would calculate the inventory, accounts receivable, and accounts payable using the provided percentage-of-sales method, and balance the equation with the 'cash and cash equivalents' as the balancing figure.

For instance, to calculate the new equity including proposed dividends, the share capital after the new shares are issued would be (400,000 shares * R10) + (50,000 shares * R15) = R4,000,000 + R750,000. Undistributed profits are given as R400,000. Dividends proposed would be 200 cents per share on 450,000 shares, amounting to R900,000. Therefore, total equity would be R4,000,000 + R750,000 + R400,000 - R900,000 = R4,250,000.

The fixed assets value is decreased by depreciation and the loss on the trade-in vehicle, starting with the initial value of R2,000,000, subtracting the depreciation of R300,000, and the loss of R20,000, resulting in a new value of R1,680,000.