Final answer:
When the U.S. dollar appreciates against the yen, Japanese goods will be cheaper in the United States, as a stronger dollar means more yen can be bought with the same amount of dollars, making imports from Japan less expensive.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the U.S. dollar appreciates against the Japanese yen, the correct statements in relation to the economic impact are that U.S. goods will be more expensive for Japanese consumers, and the U.S. dollar will buy more Japanese yen. This typically leads to a decrease in U.S. exports, as U.S. goods become less competitive in the international market. Consequently, Japanese goods will become less expensive in the United States, because it will take fewer dollars to purchase the same amount of yen, making imports from Japan to the U.S. cheaper. This situation can lead to an increase in U.S. imports from Japan, which is beneficial for Japanese exporters.
Given these dynamics, the correct answer to the question is D. Japanese goods will be cheaper in the United States.