Final answer:
The question is about Chemistry, focusing on buffer solutions and acid-base reactions. Adding a strong acid like HCl to a buffer will shift the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base, altering the buffer's composition and its pH stability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the subject of Chemistry, specifically within the context of buffer solutions and acid-base titrations. When 5.0 mL each of 10M HA (a weak acid) and 10M NaA (the corresponding salt of its conjugate base A-) are mixed, a buffer solution is formed. Adding a strong acid like HCl to a buffer will cause some of the conjugate base (A-) present in the solution to convert to HA, thus changing the concentrations of A- and HA in the buffer.
If we add 0.001 M HCl to this buffer, it would convert an equivalent amount of A- to HA. Specifically, 0.001 M of A- would become HA, resulting in the new concentrations being 0.101 M HA and 0.099 M A-. Regarding the provided examples, mixing different compounds and diluting them to certain volumes affect the concentration of ions in the solutions, which is essential in understanding buffer capacity and the changes in pH during a titration process.