Final answer:
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is responsible for enforcing Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which aims to prevent employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The agency charged to enforce Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, is the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The EEOC investigates employment discrimination and protects workers who file complaints against employers for such discriminatory practices.
Notably, the inclusion of sex as a protected class in Title VII was initially intended as a strategy to prevent the act's passage, but it nevertheless became a significant legal basis for combating gender discrimination in the workplace. Over the years, this has evolved to include protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, although interpretations have fluctuated with differing administrative policies.