Final answer:
In a database comparison, a contact is known as a 'record' and each item of information, such as email and phone number, is referred to as a 'field'.
Step-by-step explanation:
In chapter 4, the Contacts folder is compared to a database, with each contact occupying a record and each piece of information (email address, phone number, etc.) referred to as a field. This means that in a database, a collection of related information about a single item or person is stored as a record, like a contact in your contact list. Each individual item of information, such as the contact's name, phone number, or email address, is called a field within that record.