Final answer:
The shoulder joint is known as the glenohumeral joint, which is formed by the glenoid cavity of the scapula articulating with the head of the humerus, allowing a broad range of movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
Articulation of the Humerus with the Scapula
The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the shoulder joint, is formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus. This ball-and-socket joint is characterized by being a multiaxial joint that permits a wide range of motion including flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and medial/lateral rotation of the humerus. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat, triangular-shaped bone that lies on the posterior aspect of the shoulder and serves as a pivotal anchor for the shoulder joint.