Final answer:
Joe should be aware of his surroundings when using a portable device to prevent shoulder surfing, social engineering, phishing, and rootkit attacks.
Step-by-step explanation:
When using a portable device, such as a smartphone or tablet, Joe should be aware of his surroundings to ensure that shoulder surfing does not occur. Shoulder surfing is when someone tries to view or steal sensitive information, such as passwords or personal data, by looking over the shoulder of the user.
By being aware of his surroundings, Joe can also protect himself against social engineering attacks. Social engineering is when a person tricks someone into revealing sensitive information or performing actions that they shouldn't by manipulating them.
In addition, being aware of his surroundings can help Joe avoid falling victim to phishing attacks. Phishing is when attackers send fraudulent emails or messages pretending to be from a legitimate source in order to trick people into revealing sensitive information, such as login credentials or credit card details.
Lastly, by being aware of his surroundings, Joe can lower the risk of downloading and installing malicious software, such as rootkits. Rootkits are types of malware that can hide deep within a computer's operating system and give hackers unauthorized access to the system.