Final answer:
Edward Bailey argues that the actual practices and beliefs of people, as observed through careful observation, constitute true culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Edward Bailey argues that the actual practices and beliefs of people, as discovered by others through careful observation of their actions, constitute true culture. Bailey emphasizes the importance of understanding people's behaviors and beliefs through firsthand observation rather than relying on assumptions or preconceived notions. This approach allows for a more accurate understanding of different cultures and avoids misunderstandings that can arise from imposing one's own cultural definitions on others. By studying actual practices and beliefs, anthropologists can gain insights into the diversity and complexity of human societies.