Final answer:
To manage a 79-year-old female patient with memory decline, a comprehensive cognitive evaluation is essential to identify the cause of her symptoms. It involves tests such as the three-word recall test and possibly brain imaging. Treatment options can include medications, cognitive rehabilitation, and psychosocial support.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most appropriate management for an 79-year-old female with a decline in memory and cognitive function would involve a comprehensive assessment to determine the cause of these symptoms. Considering the scenario with the elderly patient, it is important to evaluate for dementia, which could include Alzheimer's disease, or other medical conditions that might impair cognitive functioning.
A thorough cognitive evaluation should be conducted, which could involve tests such as a mental status exam to assess memory, problem-solving abilities, and language skills. For example, tasks like the three-word recall test, having the patient recite the months of the year in reverse order, and spelling common words backwards are useful in this assessment. Additional medical tests may include lab tests to rule out reversible causes of confusion, a physical examination, and possibly imaging studies like a brain scan to look for any structural abnormalities that may affect cognition.
Given the symptoms described, which include disruptive memory loss and difficulty with planning and executing tasks, it is crucial to consider conditions such as dementia. Treatment strategies could also include pharmacological interventions, cognitive rehabilitation, and addressing any underlying medical conditions that could be contributing to cognitive decline. Psychosocial support and considering a safer living arrangement, such as with a family member or in an assisted living facility, may also be necessary depending on the severity of the symptoms and the level of support needed.