Final answer:
Methods for marking the location of friendlies and enemies include observing bird movement, noticing startled beasts, and watching for rising dust formations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Methods for marking the location of friendlies and enemy include:
- Observing the movement of birds in their flight, which is a sign of an ambush.
- Noticing startled beasts, which indicate an impending attack.
- Watching for dust rising in different formations, which can signify the approach of chariots or infantry.
These methods were mentioned in ancient texts on military strategy and can be useful in identifying the presence of friendlies or enemies in a given area.