Final answer:
A neurological examination, including tests of motor skills, muscle resistance, and sensory perception, can be used to assess altered states of consciousness. This, along with cognitive testing, provides insights into the individual's current state, suggesting whether there is a deviation from normal conscious state due to neurological or sensory system issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
A common physiological test to determine if an individual is experiencing an altered state of consciousness could include a neurological examination. In this context, the exam may involve asking the patient to smile, raise eyebrows, stick out the tongue, and shrug shoulders, followed by muscle strength tests through resistance testing. Sensory function may be assessed by having the patient indicate when they feel a touch with their eyes closed, or by following a target visually to evaluate coordination and motor function. For example, a patient who has difficulty feeling sensations or shows atypical responses during these simple tasks might suggest alterations in consciousness due to neurological issues or sensory system disruptions. This could be further explored through cognitive and language tests, should a deficit be apparent.
Altered states of consciousness can result from various causes such as sleep disorders, psychoactive drug use, hypnosis, and meditation. Physiological changes like heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure are often indicative of changes in states of consciousness. A more in-depth exploration might involve functional neuroimaging techniques to assess the brain's response to particular stimuli or tasks.