Question

Which of the following sets of vital signs is MOST indicative of increased intracranial pressure in a patient with a head injury?

A) Blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg, pulse 80 beats/min, respirations 16 breaths/min
B) Blood pressure 180/100 mm Hg, pulse 60 beats/min, respirations 8 breaths/min
C) Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg, pulse 70 beats/min, respirations 20 breaths/min
D) Blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg, pulse 110 beats/min, respirations 24 breaths/min

Answer 1

The set of vital signs that is most indicative of increased intracranial pressure in a patient with a head injury is a blood pressure of 180/100 mm Hg, pulse rate of 60 beats/min, and respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min.

Step-by-step explanation:

Increased intracranial pressure in a patient with a head injury can be indicated by changes in vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse, and respirations. The most indicative set of vital signs would be B) Blood pressure 180/100 mm Hg, pulse 60 beats/min, respirations 8 breaths/min.

A high blood pressure reading of 180/100 mm Hg suggests increased intracranial pressure as the body tries to compensate for the injury. A low pulse rate of 60 beats/min may indicate the body's attempt to preserve oxygen and reduce brain activity, while a low respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min may signify decreased brain function. It is important to note that these signs should be evaluated in combination with other clinical assessments to make a definitive diagnosis.