Final answer:
The film movement known for using surrealistic design and lighting to convey a psychological mood between 1918-1929 is German Expressionism. It focused on subjective experiences and used cinema to portray emotional and ideological messages, with noted works like 'The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari'.
Step-by-step explanation:
German Expressionism in Film
The film movement that veered away from realism in favor of representing a dark, psychological mood through surrealistic set design and lighting from 1918-1929 is A) German Expressionism. This movement originated in Germany before World War I and reached its peak in the 1920s. It was known for its emphasis on subjective experiences, often using distorted perspectives and setting to convey emotional or ideological messages. One of the most famous examples is 'The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari' (1920), which utilized abstract sets and stark lighting contrasts to create a haunting atmosphere. Directors like F.W. Murnau and Fritz Lang continued to explore challenging themes through their work, which became a distinct characteristic of the Expressionist movement in cinema during that era. Unlike realism, which aimed to depict life as it was, Expressionism sought to express internal states and ideas through artistic exaggeration and innovation.