Final answer:
Atenolol is the medication among the given options that has the ability to slow a patient's heart rate by acting as a β-blocker. It helps in treating cardiovascular conditions by preventing heart rate increase and promoting vasodilation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options listed, Atenolol has the ability to slow a patient's heart rate. Atenolol is a type of medication known as a β-blocker, which works by blocking β-receptors associated with increasing heart rate and vasoconstriction. This action allows for blood vessels to dilate and keeps the heart rate from increasing, which is beneficial in treating cardiovascular diseases and conditions such as congestive heart failure or post-heart attack care.
Other medications listed, such as Sertraline, Acyclovir, and Simvastatin, do not have the primary effect of slowing the heart rate. Sertraline is an antidepressant, Acyclovir is used to treat viral infections, and Simvastatin is a statin used for cholesterol management.