Final answer:
Humanistic psychology is the perspective that places emphasis on individual growth and the inherent potential for good in all humans, associated with figures such as Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The perspective that emphasizes personal development and the fulfillment of individual potential is Humanistic psychology. This branch of psychology emerged as a response to the prevailing determinism of behaviorism and psychoanalysis during the early 20th century. Prominent figures like Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are associated with humanistic psychology, focusing on concepts such as self-actualization, free will, and the innate goodness of humans. They posited that people are motivated by the drive to achieve their fullest potential and that a healthy individual's growth is part of their nature.
Contrary to this, cognitive psychology deals with the study of human thinking and the relationship between thought and behavior. Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior and suggests that all behavior is determined by a combination of genetics and environmental factors. Social psychology examines how individuals interact with and are influenced by others within a social context.