Final answer:
Dopamine is the neurotransmitter responsible for controlling the brain's reward and pleasure centers. It increases cAMP concentration upon receptor binding and is integral to neurological responses and behaviors, including addiction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurotransmitter that helps control the brain's reward and pleasure centers is Dopamine. Dopamine plays a crucial role in our experience of pleasure and reward, and it has been widely studied in the context of drug addiction. Its effects are mediated through the activation of dopamine receptors, which subsequently increases the concentration of molecules like cyclic AMP (cAMP) after binding. Dopamine signaling is also essential for regulating movement, emotional responses, and addiction processes, being critical in the transport of nerve impulses.
Moreover, when discussing exocytosis and the release of neurotransmitters in the brain, it's important to understand the impact of dopamine during this process. The number of neurotransmitter molecules released, such as dopamine, during exocytosis, can influence neurological responses and behavior. Dysfunctions in this process can lead to changes in behavior and neurotransmitter signaling, which are often explored in the study of neuropsychiatric disorders and addiction.