Final answer:
Binocular disparity, a binocular cue that requires both eyes to work together, is most affected by visual anomalies. Monocular cues like motion parallax, aerial perspective, and accommodation are less affected as they rely on information from just one eye.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the depth cues listed, binocular disparity is most affected by visual anomalies since it relies on the ability to use both eyes together to perceive depth. This binocular cue involves the slightly different views each of our eyes receives, a difference that the brain uses to calculate depth. Monocular cues such as motion parallax, aerial perspective, and accommodation can still provide depth information even with certain visual impairments, as they do not depend on the coordination of both eyes.
For example, visual anomalies that impede the eyes' simultaneous and consistent focus can severely disrupt binocular disparity. Conditions such as strabismus (misalignment of the eyes) or amblyopia (lazy eye) might affect one's ability to use binocular disparity to perceive depth accurately. Rods and cones contribute to different aspects of vision, with rods aiding in low-light vision and cones aiding in color vision and detail.