Final answer:
The statement is false because insulin is an anabolic hormone that lowers blood glucose by promoting glycogenesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis while inhibiting catabolic processes like glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and ketogenesis.B) False
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Insulin signaling promotes catabolic pathways, including glycogenolysis, lipolysis, gluconeogenesis, and ketogenesis' is false. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps to lower blood glucose levels. Its primary actions are anabolic, not catabolic. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake by cells, promotes glycogenesis (the formation of glycogen from glucose), and enhances lipogenesis (the formation of lipids). Contrarily, it inhibits glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen into glucose), gluconeogenesis (the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources), and ketogenesis (the production of ketone bodies).
Moreover, insulin facilitates the entry of amino acids into cells, therefore promoting protein synthesis which is another anabolic process. Increased blood glucose levels stimulate the production of insulin, thus aiding in the removal of glucose from the bloodstream into cells. To summarize, insulin promotes anabolic pathways and inhibits catabolic pathways, opposing the actions of glucagon, which activates catabolic pathways under hypoglycemic conditions.