Final answer:
The hormone produced by somatotroph cells in the anterior pituitary is Growth Hormone (GH), which is vital for protein synthesis and body growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The anterior pituitary hormone that is produced by somatotroph cells is Growth Hormone (GH). This hormone is crucial for stimulating cellular activities like protein synthesis, which are essential for body growth. The anterior pituitary gland actually produces several hormones, but it is specifically the Growth Hormone that is associated with the somatotroph cells. Other hormones include prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH).