Final answer:
Anaplasma infects a range of hosts including humans, dogs, horses, cattle, and deer. It is transmitted by tick bites and diagnosed using serology, IFA, and PCR tests, with doxycycline being a standard treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The species that Anaplasma infects include humans, dogs, horses, and cattle and deer. Particularly, Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects humans and other animals, where it reproduces inside phagocytic white blood cells. In cows, Anaplasma centrale targets red blood cells. These bacteria are transmitted via the bite of ticks, which are arthropod vectors that may carry a variety of disease-causing agents, such as Anaplasma, Borrelia (which causes Lyme disease), Ehrlichia (causing ehrlichiosis), and various viruses. When it comes to diagnosis and treatment, serology, IFA (Immunofluorescence Assay), and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) are standard methods, and doxycycline is commonly used as a treatment.