Final answer:
The most common site for the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters is the axon terminals of neurons. Axon terminals contain synaptic vesicles that house neurotransmitters, which are key chemical messengers within the nervous system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common site of peripheral neurotransmitter synthesis and storage is the A) Axon terminals. Neurons use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information throughout the nervous system. When the electrical signal known as an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse. The neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles within the axon terminals until they are released to send a chemical signal to the next neuron or effector cell.