Final answer:
Cognitive disengagement techniques such as the Denial of the Victim and the Denial of Responsibility involve redirecting blame to justify harmful actions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cognitive disengagement techniques include attribution of blame to victims. One such technique is the Denial of the Victim, where a person convinces themselves that their harmful actions are justified as the 'victim deserved it.' This rationalization can be seen in situations where employees feel entitled to steal from their employers, justifying their actions by a perceived lack of adequate compensation. Another method of cognitive disengagement is the Denial of Responsibility, where individuals don't take responsibility for their actions, blaming external circumstances or other people instead. An employee might blame their theft on economic hardship caused by their employer's failure to provide sufficient wages. The Scapegoat theory relates to cognitive disengagement in that a dominant group blames a subordinate group for problems, diverting attention from the causes of their aggression. Examples include historical scapegoating, such as Hitler's Germany blaming Jews for economic problems, or more contemporary examples of immigrants being blamed for societal issues. The Condemnation of the Condemners is yet another technique where the individual focuses on the accuser's shortcomings to divert attention from their own deviant behavior. An employee might accuse their boss of being in no position to pass judgment.