Final answer:
Of the listed options, pasteurized cheese is the food that does not need to be avoided in pregnancy. However, it's vital to avoid soft cheeses made from unpasteurized milk. Pregnant women should also steer clear of unpasteurized milk, raw or undercooked foods, cold cuts, and fish high in mercury.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is which of the following foods do not need to be avoided in pregnancy? The foods that do not need to be avoided are those that are not associated with risks such as listeriosis or mercury poisoning. Of the listed options, cheese is the only one generally considered safe during pregnancy as long as it is made from pasteurized milk. However, it's important to avoid soft cheeses made from unpasteurized milk, as they can contain harmful bacteria like Listeria.
Pregnant women are advised to steer clear of unpasteurized milk, raw or undercooked seafood, eggs, and meat, cold cuts (unless heated to steaming hot), and fish high in mercury, such as swordfish, shark, king mackerel, or tilefish. Instead, they should opt for fish low in mercury, such as salmon, tilapia, shrimp, pollock, and catfish. Avoiding these foods helps to protect the health of both the mother and the developing fetus.