Final answer:
The correct answer to the question about the influence on individual choices related to health behaviors is c. Behavioral Economics. This field helps understand the intricate balance between personal choices and healthcare expenditures and their impact on health outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Individual choices related to health promotion or health damaging behaviors are influenced by efforts to maximize valued resources. The correct answer is c. Behavioral Economics. Health outcomes can be strongly influenced by personal preferences and choices such as diet, exercise, and risky behaviors, in addition to expenditures on healthcare like annual check-ups.
Health psychology, which employs the biopsychosocial model, looks at the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors in health. Moreover, it is worthwhile to consider theories like Functionalism, which approaches health, illness, and medicine from a sociological standpoint.
For a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between health care and behavioral economics, one can explore the health economics branch, which provides insights into how economic concepts and principles can predict or alter health behavior and health outcomes.