Question

Name 2 Indigenous responses to assimilation policies (1940s - 1960s):

a) Cultural assimilation
b) Cultural resistance
c) Economic assimilation
d) Political assimilation

Answer 1

Indigenous responses to assimilation policies included cultural resistance by maintaining traditional practices and languages, and political assimilation through forming tribal governments to maintain sovereignty.

Step-by-step explanation:

Two Indigenous responses to assimilation policies from the 1940s to the 1960s were cultural resistance and efforts towards political assimilation. During this time, many policies aimed to assimilate Indigenous peoples into the dominant culture. However, resistance manifested through the retention and revitalization of cultural practices and languages. Politically, Native American tribes sought to maintain sovereignty by establishing tribal government structures such as tribal councils, and federal policies such as the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 facilitated this by shifting from forced assimilation to promoting tribal autonomy. Despite these efforts, later policies like Termination sought to dissolve tribal entities, which met with strong opposition and eventual policy reversal.