Final answer:
A multiaxial joint, such as the ball-and-socket joint found in the shoulder and hip, allows flexion and extension as well as abduction and adduction. These joints enable a wide range of movements including circumduction and rotation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The joint that is capable of flexion and extension, as well as abduction and adduction, is called a multiaxial joint. Specifically, the ball-and-socket joint is one such type that allows for these movements. These joints are found in the hip and shoulder, where they allow a great range of motion including flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, circumduction (movement in a circular manner), and medial (internal) along with lateral (external) rotation. Condyloid and saddle joints are also capable of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction but are considered biaxial since they allow for two planes of motion rather than multiple as in the ball-and-socket joints.
Flexion and extension are movements in which muscles contract to bend (flexion) or straighten (extension) a joint. For instance, when you bend your elbow or knee, you're performing flexion; straightening them back is extension. Abduction and adduction involve movements towards or away from the body's midline. Raising your arm at the shoulder to the side is an example of abduction, while bringing it back down is adduction.