Final answer:
The level of processing, interference, time, and context all affect memory. Semantic processing leads to better memory than visual or acoustic processing. The two types of interference are proactive and retroactive interference. Memory trace decay refers to the fading of memory over time. The method of loci is a mnemonic technique.
Step-by-step explanation:
Encoding is the process of getting information into our memory system. The level of processing during encoding can affect memory. Research by Craik and Tulving (1975) found that semantic processing, which involves focusing on the meaning of information, leads to better memory compared to visual or acoustic processing.
Interference occurs when previously learned information hinders the recall of newly learned information. There are two types of interference: proactive interference, where old information interferes with the recall of new information, and retroactive interference, where new information interferes with the recall of old information.
Time also affects memory. Memory trace decay refers to the gradual fading or weakening of memory over time. Additionally, context plays a role in memory retrieval. The method of loci is a mnemonic technique that uses spatial and visual imagery to improve memory recall.