Final answer:
The correct answer is option b. previous catholic monarchs had persecuted english protestants.
Step-by-step explanation:
The provision that Roman Catholics could not be crowned in the English Bill of Rights stemmed from a turbulent period in English history where religious tensions were high. This provision was a response to previous Catholic monarchs who had persecuted English Protestants, as well as a measure to ensure the continuation of Protestantism within the English monarchy. The sentiment of Parliament was strongly against Catholics after the experiences under Catholic monarchs like James II, whose policies and perceived allegiance to the Pope were seen as a threat to English Protestantism and the rights of Parliament.
The Test Act of 1673 further restricted Catholics by barring them from voting, holding public office, and attending universities. During the Glorious Revolution, King James II, a Roman Catholic, was deposed, and the throne was offered to his Protestant daughter Mary and her husband William. Before this, the English Bill of Rights in 1689 was passed, ensuring that subsequent monarchs would be Protestant and highlighting the restrictions on Catholics, such as not being able to sit in Parliament or bear arms.