Final answer:
Dopaminergic neurons project their axons to the median eminence of the hypothalamus, and they secrete the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurons that project their axons to the median eminence of the hypothalamus are dopaminergic neurons. These neurons secrete the neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopaminergic neurons begin the synthesis of dopamine with the metabolization of L-tyrosine into L-DOPA, followed by the conversion into dopamine, which is then stored in vesicles within the presynaptic terminals. Upon release into the synapse, dopamine can interact with various receptors to modulate neuronal activity. While serotonergic neurons, which secrete serotonin, have extensive projections throughout the brain and are involved in a variety of functions such as cognition, mood, and the regulation of various physiological processes, they do not specifically project to the median eminence which is the function of dopaminergic neurons.