Final answer:
Short-term use of alcohol at low doses can initially increase relaxation and decrease inhibitions, but as the dose increases, it can impair motor control, reaction time, and decision-making. Higher doses may lead to slurred speech and serious health risks including coma and death. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in FASD or FAS in the infant.
Step-by-step explanation:
Short-Term Effects of Alcohol at Low Doses
The short-term use of alcohol, even at low doses, can have a variety of effects on an individual's body and mental state. Initially, alcohol consumption may increase relaxation and decrease inhibitions, creating a sense of euphoria or pleasure. However, alcohol is a depressant, and as the dose increases, it begins to impair motor control and decision-making abilities. Users may experience a decreased reaction time, lowered levels of alertness, and a reduction in behavioral control. At higher doses, alcohol may cause slurred speech, trouble walking, memory issues, and vomiting. In extreme cases, it can lead to reduced respiratory function, coma, or even death.
It's also important to note that if a pregnant person consumes alcohol, this can lead to a range of developmental issues for the infant, known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) or fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).