Final Answer:
3) Organizational behavior. Reward, coercive, and legitimate power are concepts most closely associated with the field of organizational behavior. Therefore, the correct answer (3) Organizational behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Reward, coercive, and legitimate power are fundamental concepts in organizational behavior, a field that examines the dynamics within groups and organizations. These powers are key components of French and Raven's Five Bases of Power framework, providing insights into how individuals influence and control others within a workplace setting.
Reward power is derived from the ability to provide positive outcomes or rewards for desired behavior. Leaders who possess this power can motivate and influence their subordinates by offering incentives, recognition, or other desirable outcomes. Coercive power, on the other hand, involves the use of punishments or negative consequences to control behavior. Leaders wielding coercive power may deter undesirable actions through the threat of sanctions or disciplinary measures.
Legitimate power is rooted in one's formal position within an organization. It is the authority granted by a job title or hierarchical structure, and individuals in positions of authority can use this power to direct and guide their subordinates. Understanding these power dynamics is crucial for effective leadership and organizational management, as they shape relationships, communication, and overall group dynamics within a work environment. Organizational behavior researchers and practitioners leverage these concepts to analyze, understand, and enhance the functioning of individuals and groups within organizations.