Final answer:
A positive association means two variables have a positive correlation, while a negative association means they have a negative correlation.
Step-by-step explanation:
A positive association between two variables means that they have a positive correlation. This means that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase, and vice versa. For example, if we look at the relationship between study time and test scores, a positive association means that as study time increases, test scores are likely to increase as well.
On the other hand, a negative association means that two variables have a negative correlation. This means that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease, and vice versa. For example, if we look at the relationship between temperature and ice cream sales, a negative association means that as temperature increases, ice cream sales are likely to decrease.
Therefore, the correct answers are: 1) They have a positive correlation and 2) They have a negative correlation.