Final answer:
Compile-time defenses are measures taken during the development phase of software to protect against security threats, employing techniques like code analysis and sanitization to harden programs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Compile-time defenses aim to harden programs to resist attacks. These defenses are implemented during the development phase of software, specifically when the source code is being compiled into executable code. Techniques such as code analysis, sanitization, and optimization are employed to check for vulnerabilities and ensure that the program is robust against potential security threats.
Unlike runtime defenses which are active while the program is running, compile-time defenses are proactive measures taken to prevent security issues before the program is ever executed.
Coding defenses aim to harden programs to resist attacks. This refers to adding security measures in the code of a program to protect it from vulnerabilities and exploits. Compile-time defenses also play a role in making programs more secure by checking the code during the compilation process for potential security issues.
Runtime defenses, on the other hand, focus on protecting the program while it is running, such as by implementing security checkpoints and monitoring for unusual behavior.