Question

Usually, ideal gases increase their pressure and volume when heated and decrease their pressure and volume when cooled. Do these rules apply to stars?

A) No. Stars never follow the rules for ideal gases even approximately.
B) Yes. Stars in all stages follow these rules quite closely.
C) No Protostars have cores of degenerate matter in which the pressure is independent of the temperature.
D) No. White dwarfs are essentially degenerate matter in which the pressure is independent of the temperature.

Answer 1

Stars do not follow the rules for ideal gases. Protostars and white dwarfs have cores of degenerate matter in which the pressure is independent of the temperature.

Step-by-step explanation:

Stars do not follow the rules for ideal gases in the same way that gases do. Ideal gases increase their pressure and volume when heated and decrease their pressure and volume when cooled. However, stars have a different behavior due to the presence of degenerate matter in their cores. Protostars and white dwarfs, for example, have cores of degenerate matter in which the pressure is independent of the temperature, meaning that changes in temperature do not directly affect the pressure or volume of the star. Therefore, option C and D are correct.