Final answer:
Pavlov conducted experiments on dogs to study classical conditioning. His research focused on the association between stimuli and reflexive responses. This work was important for the development of psychology, contributing to our understanding of learning and behavior through classical conditioning.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pavlov's work on conditioning
Answer a)
Pavlov conducted experiments on dogs to study classical conditioning. In classical conditioning, organisms learn to associate events or stimuli that repeatedly happen together. For example, Pavlov conditioned dogs to associate the ringing of a bell with the arrival of food, causing them to salivate at the sound of the bell alone.
Answer b)
This research was different from preceding research because it focused on the association between stimuli and reflexive responses, rather than studying inner experiences. Pavlov's experiments provided scientific evidence for the process of classical conditioning and laid the groundwork for the development of behaviorism and the study of observable behaviors.
Answer c)
The importance of Pavlov's work lies in advancing our understanding of learning and behavior through classical conditioning. It showed that behaviors can be conditioned by associating stimuli and responses, which has applications in various fields such as psychology, education, and therapy.