Final answer:
Option C: Potassium (K+) is the ion that is more concentrated inside the cell than outside, with concentrations about 30 times higher inside the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ion that is more concentrated inside the cell than outside is potassium (K+). Normal potassium concentrations are about 30 times higher inside the cell than outside. Unlike potassium, sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions are more concentrated in the extracellular fluid (ECF). The sodium-potassium pump, a crucial cellular mechanism, uses ATP to actively transport potassium into the cell and sodium out, maintaining the necessary concentration gradients and keeping the cell's interior negative compared to its exterior.
The ion that is more concentrated inside the cell than outside is potassium (K+). Normal potassium concentrations are about 30 times higher inside the cell compared to outside.
Most body fluids are neutral in charge and have balanced concentrations of cations and anions. Sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl) ions are concentrated in the extracellular fluid (ECF) outside the cell, while potassium (K+) ions are concentrated inside the cell. This concentration gradient is maintained by sodium-potassium pumps in the cell membrane that actively transport sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, using energy from ATP.
Key concepts: Ion concentration, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, Extracellular fluid, Intracellular fluid, Concentration gradient, Sodium-potassium pumps, ATP.