Final answer:
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (OBRA-90) mandates that pharmacies complete a drug utilization review (DUR) to identify potential drug interactions or allergy warnings during medication dispensing. Option D is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The act that mandates pharmacies complete a drug utilization review (DUR) for medication dispensing to identify potential drug or supplement interactions or allergy warnings is the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (OBRA-90). The DUR is an important part of pharmacy practice, aiming to ensure that medications are used safely and effectively. It addresses issues such as overuse, underuse, therapeutic appropriateness, drug interactions, and correct dosing.
Although acts like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) focus on the confidentiality and security of patient information, the regulation that specifically requires a DUR in pharmacies is OBRA-90. This requirement is part of a broader set of rules that look toward the betterment of clinical pharmacy practices and patient care.
Furthermore, agencies like the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) play a significant role in the regulation of medicines, ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs sold in the United States. This includes overseeing the rigorous testing and approval processes for new drugs as well as monitoring drug interactions.