Final answer:
The correct option is (d). Carl might have shift maladaptation syndrome, which is caused by disruptions to the body's natural circadian rhythm due to working non-standard shifts. This can lead to symptoms such as sluggishness, depression, and irritability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that Carl might have is shift maladaptation syndrome. Shift maladaptation syndrome refers to the negative effects that can result from working shifts that disrupt the body's normal circadian rhythm. In Carl's case, his shift from 11:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m. is likely causing disruptions to his sleep patterns, leading to symptoms of sluggishness, depression, and irritability.
Working a shift during nighttime hours can be challenging for the body to adjust to because it goes against the body's natural sleep-wake cycle. The body is programmed to be active during the day and sleep during the night. When this rhythm is disrupted, it can lead to a range of issues, including changes in mood, decreased cognitive functioning, and sleep disturbances. To manage shift maladaptation syndrome, individuals can try to establish a regular sleep schedule, create a sleep-friendly environment, and use strategies to promote relaxation before bedtime. It may also be helpful to consult a healthcare professional for further guidance and support.