Final answer:
In a metapopulation, high dispersal among subpopulations typically leads to high synchrony of fluctuations, as populations are more interconnected and influenced by similar factors. Conversely, low dispersal results in low synchrony due to greater isolation of subpopulations.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a metapopulation, the amount of dispersal among subpopulations can greatly influence the synchrony of fluctuations among those populations. High levels of dispersal tend to lead to high synchrony, which means that populations will experience similar ups and downs at similar times. This is because the regular movement of individuals among subpopulations can spread both demographic (like birth and death rates) and environmental (such as disease or food supply) influences across the whole metapopulation.
Conversely, low dispersal would lead to low synchrony, as the populations are more isolated from each other and less affected by factors that impact other subpopulations. This could result in some populations thriving while others may decline independently of each other. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is c. High dispersal leads to high synchrony.