Final answer:
The correct genotypes of the two parental pea plants, based on the offspring ratios provided, are DdyyWw (tall, yellow, round) and ddYYWw (dwarf, green, round), making answer option D the correct one.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to a cross between pea plants with different genotypes for vine length, pod color, and seed shape. In the garden pea, tall vine (D) is dominant over dwarf (d), green pod (Y) is dominant over yellow (y), and round seed (W) is dominant over wrinkled (w).
Given the ratios in the F1 generation, we need to deduce the genotype of the parental plants. The cross resulted in all green pod offspring, indicating that both parents must have had at least one green pod allele (Y). Because there are both tall and dwarf plants in the offspring, one parent must be heterozygous for the vine length (Dd), and the other parent must be homozygous recessive (dd).
Additionally, since there are both round and wrinkled seeds in the offspring, both parents need to carry the recessive wrinkled seed allele (w). Considering these factors, the correct genotypes would be DdyyWw (tall, yellow, round) for the first parent and ddYyWw (dwarf, green, round) for the second parent, making the answer option D: DdyyWw and ddYYWw.