Final answer:
The genetic code is transcribed from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then interpreted in the cytoplasm by ribosomes with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA), making the correct answer A) tRNA / mRNA / Ribosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genetic code is transcribed from DNA to mRNA (messenger RNA), which travels to the cytoplasm to be interpreted by ribosomes, on a stage and catalytic power provided by tRNA (transfer RNA). Therefore, the correct answer to the question is A) tRNA / mRNA / Ribosomes.
During the process of transcription, a gene from the DNA is 'read' and an mRNA molecule is synthesized. This mRNA is a complementary copy of the DNA template, where adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) in RNA instead of thymine (T) in DNA. If the DNA sequence is 5'-AATTGCGC-3', the corresponding mRNA sequence is 3'-UUAACGCG-5'. This mRNA then leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, where ribosomes read the sequence of codons in the mRNA, each consisting of three nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid. This process of translation involves tRNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosome, based on the codon sequence, resulting in the synthesis of proteins.