Final answer:
Dieting and food restriction often lead to increased food intake (option c) due to changes in metabolism and body's efficiency in conserving energy. A decrease in BMR and the body's set point can make long-term weight loss challenging, necessitating a balance of exercise and careful food portion control.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dieting and food restriction seldom lead to successful long-term weight loss because this behavior generally leads to increased food intake. The body's response to a decrease in calorie intake can lead to a change in one's basal metabolic rate (BMR), thereby making the body more efficient at conserving energy. Over time, once the diet ends, the metabolic changes can lead to a rebound effect where the individual may consume more calories than before, leading to weight regain.
This can happen for various reasons, including inactivity, genetics, metabolism adjustments, and the body's set point, which is considered the ideal weight by the body's standard. Furthermore, metabolism decreases as a result of severe calorie restriction, which can contribute to a chillier sensation and lessened energy, thereby reducing weight loss effectiveness. To combat this, a balance of exercise and careful monitoring of food portions is crucial for effective weight management.